Using Excel As A Reporting Services Datasource

It’s been said that Excel is the poor man’s database. I don’t know about that, but I can tell you that an awful lot of data lives in Excel spreadsheets in corporate America and around the world. Whether it’s project timelines or employee lists, many business depend on Excel.

This is evident in my consulting practice. It’s also commonly mentioned when I’m teaching Microsoft SQL Server Reporting Services courses for clients. Students want to see an example of a report that uses a Microsoft Excel Spreadsheet as its datasource.

Dude, Where’s My Data?

The first step in using an Excel spreadsheet as a datasource is to create a System Data Source Name (DSN) for the spreadsheet. Open the Data Sources (ODBC) applet from Control Panel | Administrative Tools. Of course the name and location of the applet can change depending on the version of Windows you’re using.

Add a new System DSN, providing a name in the Data Source Name box, and selecting the workbook that you wish to use for your report.

Next, from within Business Intelligence Developers Studio (BIDS), create a new data source. Change the Type to ODBC. Click the Edit… button and select the DSN that you just created in the prior steps.

Creating the Report

To use the data from the spreadsheed in a report, create a new Dataset. For the query, type

SELECT * FROM [Sheet1$] WHERE Is_Enabled = 1

Note that you can replace Sheet1 with the actual name of the worksheet tab in the Excel Workbook. The syntax requires that the name of the worksheet be followed by a dollar sign ($). As such, you must enclose the worksheet name in square brackets [] as shown below since a dollar sign is not considered a valid character in a select statement.

Once we’ve created the Dataset, we can display it in a report like any other Dataset.

And there you have it, a Reporting Services report that uses data stored in a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet as the source of its data.

Interactive Sorting Using a Tablix in Reporting Services

Many organizations collect data, lots and lots of data. We have the opportunity and ability today to collect more data than ever before. The challenge is turning the massive amounts of data into usable and actionable information and putting that information into the hands of those who need it when they need it. To do that effectively requires some forethought and planning. Unfortunately, many organizations stop at the data collection phase. Transforming the data into information and reporting that to users is almost an afterthought. The result is static and hard-to-interpret reports similar to the financial ledger books of the days of old.

Business Intelligence Developers Studio for Microsoft SQL Server 2008 Reporting Services, BIDS for short, makes creating engaging and dynamic reports nearly trivial in many respects. You can easily create drill-down reports that allow users to initially see a high-level overview of the information they need and then drill down into specific areas of interest with just a few clicks of the mouse. You can also create drill-through reports that allows users to seamlessly navigate from one report to another.

One dynamic feature that many users find very useful is known as Interactive Sorting. With Interactive Sorting, users can click on column headings in the Tablix data region and have the report automatically sort by that column. Let’s walk through a graphical example to demonstrate.

Sample Customer Report

Here’s an example of a contact phone list report created in BIDS. It lists contacts from the sample Adventureworks database using a Tablix data region.

Right now, the report shows the list of customers in no particular order. Let’s provide a way for our users to sort the list as they wish. In the Layout view, click the Tablix header cell for the Last Name column to select it, right click, and then choose Text Box Properties from the context menu.

A new window will open. Click on the Interactive Sort link on the left hand side of the window.

To allow users to dynamically sort the report, check the Enable interactive sort on this text box check box. For this simple example, we’ll sort on the Detail Row by the LastName column.

Click the Ok button to save the changes and close the window. Repeat the process for each column you would like to have sortable. In this example, we’ll enable it for every column in the report.

When we preview the report again, you’ll notice that each column now has a couple of arrows in the header.

By clicking on one of the column header arrows, the sort order of the rows will dynamically change.

And there you have it. With only a few mouse clicks, we’ve enriched the experience our users have while viewing this report. Of course, this technique only works when the report is rendered in formats that support interactivity. When being viewed as a TIFF, for example, the user will not be able alter its presentation.

Alternating Background Colors in Reporting Services

In most Microsoft SQL Server Reporting Services (SSRS) implementations, there are dozens, if not hundreds, of reports available for viewing. These reports provide glimpses into the sea of data that the organization collects. From these reports hopefully trends can be discovered and better decisions can be made. At least that’s the goal.

Don’t neglect presentation

There are many attributes of a good report. Broadly speaking the report must be based on accurate data, it must be delivered in a timely fashion, and it must be presented in a way that is easily consumed and interpreted by the users.

Unfortunately, many report developers focus exclusively on the first two elements – making sure the data is right and that the report doesn’t take too long to run. Those are important, of course, even essential. But often the presentation of the report is relegated to an afterthought. Data is slathered on a report form for the user to do with what he pleases.

Using alternating background colors

The topic of report presentation best practices is a broad one, far too broad to cover in just one post. Perhaps, I’ll tackle some of these issues in a series of posts in the coming months. In the meantime, there are minor and easily implemented improvements that can be added to reports that will make them immensely more readable.

For example, consider a report based on a table data region with row after row of information. Let’s say it’s an employee phone list report as shown below.

To make the report a little easier to read horizontally, we’d like to change the background color of every other row. To do so, let’s highlight the detail row of the data table in the layout tab.

In the properties window, find the BackgroundColor property for the highlighted row and choose <Expression…>. Add the following conditional formatting statement in the Edit Expression window.

Click Ok, and preview the report.

And there you go, a report that alternates the background color for each row. This makes it much easier to read.

But a word of caution: give some consideration to what the users will do with this report. If it’s likely to be printed, the alternating background color will consume additional toner or ink making the report more expense to print. In that case, consider using a single underline between each row.

What tips do you have for make reports easier to read?

Joe

Interacticely sorting columns in SQL Server 2005 Reporting Services

Business Intelligence Developers Studio (aka BIDS) for Microsoft SQL Server 2005 Reporting Services makes creating engaging and dynamic reports nearly trivial in some respects. You can easily create drill-down and drill-through reports with just a few mouse clicks.

A drill-down report allows your users to see more or less detail information by clicking on a row of data and having the report expand or collapse supporting detail rows. Drill-through reports take the user from one report to another supporting report via a mouse click. For example, by clicking on a Product Number in a Sales Order, the user will be taken to the Product Information report for that product.

Interactive Sorting

You can also create reports that provide interactive sorting. On a report that uses a table data region, users can click on a column heading and have the report auto-magically sort by that column. Let’s walk through a graphical example to demonstrate. Here’s an example of a Contact Phone List report created in BIDS. It lists contacts from the sample Adventureworks database using a table data region.

We want to allow users to sort the list by the First Name or the Last Name column. In the Layout view, click the table First Name header cell to select it, then right click to open a context-sensitive menu, and choose Properties as shown in the following illustration.

This opens the Textbox Properties window as shown below. Notice the 6th tab is called Interactive Sort. Check the “Add an interactive sort action to this textbox” option. Then click the down arrow in the Sort Expression combobox. Choose the field on which you like to sort when the user clicks this textbox. In our case this this Fields!FirstName.Value expression.

Repeat this process for each of the columns in the table data region that your users may want to sort by. In this example, I’ll enable interactive sorting all three columns, however in practice there’s probably little reason someone would want to sort by the Phone column. Once completed, preview the report. The report is still sorted in the default order. But you’ll notice the little arrows beside each column header.

By clicking on the little arrow beside the column header text, our users can change the sort order of the report. Clicking the same arrow for a second time reverses the sort order.

And there you have it. With only a few mouse clicks, we’ve enriched the experience our users have while viewing this report. Of course, this technique only works when the report is rendered in formats that support interactivity. When being viewed as a TIFF, for example, the user will not be able alter its presentation.

Got other techniques for providing a greater level of interactivity in your reports? I’d love to hear about them so feel free to share in the comments section below.